Popouts
A popout is a conical fragment that breaks out of the surface of the concrete leaving a hole that may vary in size generally from ¼ inch to 2 inches. Usually a fractured aggregate particle will be found at the bottom of the hole, with part of the aggregate still adhering to the point of the popout cone.

Steps to minimize or eliminate popouts:

1. Use concrete with the lowest water content and slump possible for the application.
2. Use a durable crushed-stone
3. Do not finish concrete with bleed water on the surface
4. Avoid hard-steel troweling where not needed, such as most exterior slabs
5. Slope the slab surface to drain water properly
6. Use air-entrained concrete
   

Concrete Links

National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

Tilt-Up Concrete Association

The Portland Cement Association

American Concrete Institute

American Society of Testing Materials

Concrete.com

Effingham Area Home Builders Association